Primo-vascular+electrophysiology

=Primo-vascular electrophysiology= = =

Primo-vascular electrophysiologcal research in 1960's
Bonghan Kim research group had tried to figure out the circulatory function of the primo-vascular system by using various methods. The electrophysiology of Bonghan ducts had been already studied by Bonghan Kim. Bonghan ducts had periodic potentials named Giyeok (ㄱ, G), Nieun (ㄴ, N) and Digeud (ㄷ, D), and sometimes they arose simultaneously. The period of G wave was 15-30 seconds, N, 7-10 seconds, and D, 20-25 seconds. Their amplitudes were less than the waves of Bonghan corpuscles, whose amplitudes were 0.1mV on average.

The bioelectrical signals from Bonghan corpuscles
Fig is shown one of the bioelectrical signal data, it is so rough to understand and analyze. The method how to measure the signals wasn’t described in a detail. That’s one of the reasons why this study should be started to investigate the bioelectrical signals.

The question of the excitability of Bonghan corpuscle is a basic question in elucidating the physiological functions of Bonghan system. The excitability of Bonghan corpuscles by various stimuli such acetylcholine, pilocarpine, electrical changes, and needles had been examined. This experiment had been done to examine the bioelectrical changes in Bonghan corpuscle by applying chemicals because Bonghan corpuscle is composed of smooth muscles. When acetylcholine and pilocarpine were applied, the bioelectrical wave frequencies were changed. The application of calcium chloride, acetic acid and novocaine solutions which are often use in acupuncture also produces various fluctuations on Bonghan corpuscle. These facts indicate that Bonghan corpuscle is an excitable tissue reacting differently to external factors and that it reacts likewise to the chemicals which act on the cholinic reaction system.

The conductance of Bonghan corpuscles and ducts
A wave’s initial velocity in an intravenous Bonghan duct was 1-3 mm/sec. These waves propagated in two available directions, forward and backward; the propagation was not asymmetric along the duct.The movement of Bonghan ducts was also observed in serum and saline solution, 39 degrees Celsius under a microscope. Its spontaneous movements were transversal, longitudinal, or both. This motion’s speed was 0.1~0.5mm/sec.

Bonghan corpuscle and ducts has self contraction movement, and then they produce the bioelectrical signal from them. Bonghan Kim had studied about the relationship between movements and electrical signals. The movement of Bonghan ducts disappeared when fast electrical changes from Bonghan ducts were observed, after that, the movement of Bonghan ducts could be observed when electrical signals whose amplitude is higher and period is longer than before were obtained. Bonghan Kim research group had done many kinds of experiment, and figured out the new functions of Bonghan system. The description of the method and the data, however, were so rough and simple that it was very difficult to understand and analyze it. That’s why this study is worth having done.

Excitablity of primo-node on the internal organ surface of rat
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